- Related consultation
- Submitted files
Network of Associate Deans of Professional Experience Steering Committee for Australian Council of Deans of Education
Related consultation – Teacher Education Expert Panel Consultation
Submitted files
Submitter information
Name Network of Associate Deans of Professional Experience Steering Committee for Australian Council of Deans of Education
Feedback
NETWORK OF ASSSOCIATE DEANS OF PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE (NADPE)
STEERING COMMITTEE
AUSTRALIAN COUNCIL OF DEANS OF EDUCATION
TEEP Response to Reform Area 3 Teach
NADPE was developed in 2016 after being identified as a key area of ITE reform based on the TEMAG recommendations. We continue to build on the work of Christine Ure (Deakin) the inaugural Chair of NADPE who nationally developed, led and advocated for Professional Experience in a range of contexts. The first major outcome of the group was a DET funded grant which explored the status, design and delivery of Australian Professional Experience in Australian ITE. The review of current practices in Australia consisted of 5 studies: mapping professional experience placements in key ITE programs; identifying models of best practice for partnerships around ProfEx, Preservice teachers portfolios of evidence; Policy, Funding Arrangements and their impact on University-School Partnerships and practices and Indigenous contexts, ITE and implications for ProfEx (see Ure, Hay, Ledger, Morrison, Sweeney, Szadura, 2018).
Since its inception NADPE has been instrumental in pulling together a national voice for professional experience. Over the last two COVID years the ITE Professional Experience sector has been heavily impacted by ever changing policy decisions and reactions to the pandemic. As the interface between universities and schools, professional experience teams around the nation responded remarkably quickly and effectively to an unheralded scenario of school closures, lost practicum opportunities and intermittent government regulatory demands. They provided creative alternatives and solutions to ensure preservice teachers continued to be supported and professional experiences provided, albeit diverse and different from previous iterations. State leaders from professional experience teams, education sectors and registration bodies united during this time to address ongoing issues collectively. Summaries of professional practice solutions were shared for all parties across the nation to adopt and adapt accordingly. Although differences occurred between states, common issues and solutions provided great insight for decision makers within the sector.
The decisions and actions of NADPE and the state professional experience teams have directly informed state policy and practices during the first two years of COVID and we hope this continues into the future. In addition to the ongoing negotiations with the sector, NADPE have continued to meet regularly to address the complexity of professional experience in our ITE programs. NADPE represents all states and universities.
NADPE is targeting Reform Area 3 as it directly fits our ACDE national remit. We present our response to the Teacher Education Expert Panel discussion paper from a position of expertise in the area of Professional Experience and build on those within the profession who have dedicated their research lives to the field (see reference list).
Our submission is short and solution focussed. We frame our response from a whole of profession perspective to professional experience and recognise the interconnectivity between all elements of the profession:
• selection and transition into ITE,
• professionalism involved in connecting theory and practice nexus within ITE program,
• induction into the teaching profession and workplace,
• professional learning for inservice.
The current teacher shortage adds complexity to our professional experience practices.
Like other disasters, clearly defined responses and actions are needed. The Government Drought Response, Resilience and Preparedness Plan outline 3 key planning steps:
1. immediate action-short term immediate fixes [
2. Support for wider communities affected- placed based focus [Gruenwald, 2003; Roberts et al., 2022]
3. Long term resilience and preparedness-future funding, investment in research, effective and strategic management and evaluation [Ledger et al, 2018]
BOLD OPTIONS and RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PRACTICE
• Integrating Theory and Practice
o Prepare students for successful placements using emerging technologies and simulation (Fischetti et al., 2022)
o Creative partnerships with schools that support the development of a PreService Teacher [Tindall-Ford et al., 2018)
o High quality inschool Mentors to be recognised & rewarded within the system
o Highlight Developmental approach – Gradual Release of Responsibility, Cognitive apprenticeship, Quality teaching model and rounds. (Korthagen et al., 2001; Billet, 2009; Gore et al., 2015)
o Professional Experience partnerships to link theory and practice (State exemplars, White et al., 2018)
o Build on current exemplars of internships (Ledger & Vidovich, 2018; )
• National approach to ProfEx including mutual recognition
o Allows for common language/nomenclature, context differentiation and movement across states and borders.
o Respond collectively to issues about LAT/Registration to Teach/Limited Authority to Teach and provide alternative solutions
o Collaboration between and across universities in each state for consistency of language and tasks [see WA, SA, Qld,]
o State Registration bodies offer guidelines to support our PSTs [scale up]
• Education Sectors to recognise and acknowledge Mentor teachers
o Recognised role within the education system with associated time allocation and financial reward, associated training and support.
o Good quality mentors in schools so that all schools offer quality mentors.
o Micro-credential from AITSL for Mentors [Complete AITSL mentoring modules and award GradCert]
• Student support during placements:
o Graduate Ready Schools – Are schools ready to support PSTs or graduates? Accountability and voice of schools [TEMAG]
o Employ Conditions for Supporting Early Career Teacher Framework (Johnson et al.2014]
o Diversity of Placements – Ensure students have access to a range of placements in diverse contexts. Support this financially particularly RRR placements
• Centres of Excellence:
o This is a systems level issue as there are good teachers in all schools and quality mentors need to be acknowledged (Gore et al., 2023)
o Schools are required to offer placements. Some are doing heavy lifting of placements eg low SES schools doing more than others whilst high SES are targeting and employing top graduates (NADPE)
o Strong Partnership between university and schools (White et al., 2018).
o Good quality mentors and leadership essential
o Good quality schools from diverse contexts: Exemplars - Ambassador Schools, Hub Schools, Prac Schools, Demonstration Schools, Partnership Schools, Teaching School Partnership, Teacher Enhancement Centres, Base Schools and Satellite schools, Centres of Excellence, National School of Excellence.
• Review range of current TPAs
o Highlight its purpose, moderate/benchmark their evidence for fidelity purposes and to identify elements of current TPAs that evidence the purpose is being achieved.
o Possibly construct a ‘gold standard’ TPA that includes ‘gold star’ elements from the current range of TPAs that are flexible and can differentiate between contexts etc.
o Focus on systems level and whole of profession approach- selection, ITE program, induction and support into the profession with a focus on retention.
o Moderation for TPAs (Buchannan et al., 2020)
o Benefit by being kind to schools
We are excited about the above endeavours and hope that they go some way into informing future policy decisions. Exploring the educational issues presented in the National Teacher Worforce Action Plan and TEEP Discussion paper in a systematic manner from multiple perspectives (all ACDE steering groups who represent all states), will further strengthen our collective professional voice in this area. If we return to the strategies outlined in the Drought Plan to address the current teacher shortage, it offers great opportunity to create reform in a sector that would benefit enormously from a whole of government response.
Chair Professor Susan Ledger
Co-Chairs Associate Professor Brendan Bentley and Associate Professor Chad Morrison
REFERENCES
Allen, D. W., & Eve, A.W. (1968). Micro-teaching: Workshop in the analysis of teaching. Theory into
Practice, 7(5),181-185. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1475985
Ball, S. J. (2015). What is policy? 21 years later: Reflections on the possibilities of policy research.
Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 36(3), 306-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/01596306.2015.1015279
Baumfield, V., Bethel, A., Boyle, C., Katene, W., Knowler, H., Koutsouris, G., & Norwich, B. (2022). How
lesson study is used in initial teacher education: An international review of literature, Teacher Development, 26:3, 356-372, DOI: 10.1080/13664530.2022.2063937
Billett, S. (2009) ‘Developing agentic professionals through practice-based pedagogies.
Sydney’, Australian Learning and Teaching Council.
Buchanan, J., Harb, G., & Fitzgerald, T. (2020). Implementing a teaching performance assessment: An
Australian case study. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 45(5). http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2020v45n5.5
Christensen, R., Knezek, G., Tyler-Wood, T., & Gibson, D (2011). SimSchool: An online dynamic
simulator for enhancing teacher preparation. International Journal of Learning Technology 6(2), 2001- 220.
Darling-Hammond, L. (2017). Teacher education around the World: What can we
learn from international practice? European Journal of Teacher Education, 40 (3): 291–309. doi:10.1080/ 02619768.2017.1315399
Darling-Hammond, L., & Hyler, M. E. (2013). The role of performance assessment in
developing teaching as a profession. Rethinking schools, 27(4), 10-15.
Dadvand, B., Dawborn-Gundlach, M., Speldewinde, C. (2023). Career Change
Teachers: Caveat and Opportunities in Workforce planning for Schools. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190264093.013.1823
Department of Agriculture (2019). Australian Government Drought Response,
Resilience and Preparedness Plan, Canberra, November, CC by 4.0. https://www.agriculture.gov.au/
Dieker, L. A., Rodriquez, A., Lignugaris-Kraft, B., Hynes, M., & Hughes, C. (2014). The potential of
simulated environments in teacher education: Current and future possibilities. Teacher Education and Special Education, 37(1), 21–33, https://doi.org/10.1177/0888406413512683.
Gore, J., Smith, M., Bowe, J., Ellis, H., Lloyd, A., & Lubans, D. (2015). Quality teaching
rounds as a professional development intervention for enhancing the quality of teaching: Rational and study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. International Journal of Educational Research, 74, 82–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2015.08.002
Gore, J., & Rickards, B. (2021). Rejuvenating experienced teachers through Quality
Teaching Rounds professional development. Journal of Educational Change, 22, 335–354. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-020-09386-z
Gore, J., Rosser, B., Jaremus, F. et al. Fresh evidence on the relationship between
years of experience and teaching quality. Aust. Educ. Res. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-023-00612-0
Gregory, S., Dalgarno, B., Crisp, G., Masters, Y., Dreher, H., & Knox, V. (2013). VirtualPREX: Innovative
assessment using a 3D virtual world with pre-service teachers. Office for Learning and Teaching.
Gruenwald, D.A. (2003). The Best of Both Worlds: A critical Pedagogy of Place. Educational Researcher, 32 (4), 3-12.
Korthagen, F. A. J., Kessels, J., Koster, B., Lagerwerf, B., & Wubbels, T. (2001). Linking practice and theory: The pedagogy of realistic teacher education. Routledge.
Johnson, B., Down, B., Le Cornu, R., Peters, J., Sullivan, A., Pearce A., & Hunter, J. (2014). Promoting early career teacher resilience: A framework for understanding and acting, Teachers and Teaching, 20(5) 530-546, DOI:10.1080/13540602.2014.937957
Le Cornu, R. (2015). Key components of effective professional experience in initial teacher
education in Australia. Australian Institute for Teaching and School Leadership.
Lohwasser, K., Long, C., Shim, S. Y., & Windschitl, M. (2023). “Protected Teaching
Spaces”: Opportunities and Constraints When Teaching for the edTPA. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 01623737231162112.
Ledger, S (2020). Resilience Building for Preservice Teachers: BRiTE, Micro-
teaching and Augmented Reality/simulation (BRiTE-AR), in Mansfield et al. Cultivating Teacher Resilience. Springer Nature.. Retrieved https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-15-5963-1_15
Ledger, S., & Fischetti, J. (2020). Micro-teaching 2.0: Technology as the classroom. Australasian Journal
of Educational Technology, 36(1), 37-54.
Ledger, S., Ure, C., Burgess, M., & Morrison, C. (2020). Professional experience in Australian initial
teacher education: An appraisal of policy and practice. Higher Education Studies, 10(4), 116-130. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v10n4p116
Ledger, S., & Vidovich, L. (2018). Australian teacher education policy in action: The case of pre-
service internships.. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 43(7). http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2018v43n7.2
Mayer, D., Doecke, B., Ho, P., Kline, J., Kostogriz, A., Moss, J., North, S., & Walker-Gibbs, B. (2014).
Longitudinal Teacher Education and Workforce Study (LTEWS) Final report. November 2013, Commonwealth of Australia.
Marinell, W. H., and Johnson, S. M. (2014). Midcareer entrants to teaching: Who they are and how
they may, or may not, change teaching. Educa. Policy 28, 743–779.
McInerney, P., Smyth, J., & Down, B. (2011). ‘Coming to a place near you?’ The politics and
possibilities of a critical pedagogy of place-based education, Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 39:1, 3-16, DOI: 10.1080/1359866X.2010.540894.
Mockler, N. (2022). No wonder no one wants to become a teacher: world-first study looks at
65,ooo news articles about Australian teachers. The Conversation 11 July, 2022. retrieved https://theconversation.com/no-wonder-no-one-wants-to-be-a-teacher-world-first-study-looks-at-65-000-news-articles-about-australian-teachers-186210
Mockler, N. (2018). TeachING quality is not TeachER quality. How we talk about
quality Matters. EduResearch Matters. Australian Association for Research in Education (AARE). Retrieved https://www.aare.edu.au/blog/?p=2845
TEMAG. (2015). Action now: Classroom ready teachers. Canberra: Department of
Education and Training.
Tindall-Ford, S., & Ledger, S., Williams, J., Ambrosetti, A. (2017). Immersion programs in Australia: Exploring four models for developing classroom ready teachers. In Educating Future Teachers: Innovative Perspectives in Professional Experience, (pp. 193-201). Springer.
Roberts, P., Downes, N., & Reid, J. (2022). Teacher Education for a Rural-Ready Teaching Force: Swings, Roundabouts and Slippery Slides. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 47(3). http://dx.doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2022v47n3.6
Trinidad, S., Sharplin, E., Ledger, S., & Broadley, T. (2014). Connecting for innovation: Four universities collaboratively preparing pre-service teachers to teach in rural and remote Western Australia. Journal of Research in Rural Education, 29(2), 1-13.
Ure, C., Hay, I., Ledger, S., Morrison, C., Sweeney, T., & Szadura, A. (2017). Professional experience in initial teacher education: A review of current practices in Australian ITE. DET funded commissioned report by ACDE steering committee - Network of Academic Directors of Professional Experience (NADPE). Retrieved https://www.acde.edu.au/publications/
Vick, M. (2007). “It's a difficult matter”: Historical perspectives on the enduring problem of the practicum in teacher preparation, Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 34 (2), 181-198, DOI: 10.1080/13598660600720579
White, S., Tindall-Ford, Heck, D., & Ledger, S. (2017). Exploring the Australian teacher education ‘partnership’ policy landscape: Four case studies. In Educating Future Teachers: Innovative Perspectives in Professional Experience, (pp ). Springer.
Woodbury, M. G., & Kuhnke, J. L. (2014). Evidence-based practice vs. evidence-informed practice: What's the difference? Wound Care Canada, 12(1), 26-29.
Wyatt-Smith, C., Alexander, C., Fishburn, D., & McMahon, P. (2017). Standards of practice to standards of evidence: Developing assessment capable teachers, Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice, 24:2, 250-270, DOI:10.1080/0969594X.2016.1228603
Wyatt-Smith C, Haynes M, Day C, Spallek M and Smith A (2021) ‘Quality of Initial Teacher Education Through Longitudinal Analysis of Linked Datasets: Study 1: Examining performance trajectories from admission to graduation: Executive Summary’, Australian Government Department of Education.
Zeichner, K. (2010). Rethinking the connections between campus courses and field experiences in college and university based teacher education, Journal of Teacher Education, 61 (1-2), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487109347671
Zuzovsky, R., & Donitsa-Schmidt, S (2014). Turning to teaching: second career student teachers’ intentions, motivations and perceptions about the teaching profession. International Education Research, 2(3), 1-17.